- 关于MogDB
- 快速入门
- 特性描述
- 概览
- 高性能
- 高可用
- 维护性
- 兼容性
- 视图增加%rowtype属性
- 聚合函数distinct性能优化
- 聚合函数支持KEEP子句
- 聚合函数支持场景扩展
- 兼容支持MySQL别名支持单引号
- 支持current_date/current_time关键字作为字段名
- 自定义type数组
- For Update支持外连接
- MogDB支持Insert All特性
- Oracle DBLink语法兼容
- 创建PACKAGE/FUNCTION/PROCEDURE时去除TYPE类型转换提示
- 支持MERGE INTO命中索引时使用Bypass方法
- 支持增加存储过程及函数参数的nocopy属性
- 支持在数组extend的参数中传入数组的count属性
- 支持q quote转义字符
- 支持两个date类型的数据相减返回numeric类型
- 支持表函数table()
- 支持PROCEDURE/FUNCTION/PACKAGE的end后的name和Oracle保持一致
- 支持WHERE CURRENT OF写法
- 支持包内常量作为函数或者过程入参的默认值
- 支持PLPGSQL subtype
- 支持无参数FUNCTION的同义词调用不加括号
- 支持dbms_utility.format_error_backtrace
- 支持PIVOT和UNPIVOT语法
- mod函数兼容
- 支持聚集函数嵌套
- ORDER BY/GROUP BY场景兼容
- 支持在建表后修改表日志属性
- INSERT支持ON CONFLICT子句
- 支持AUTHID CURRENT_USER
- PBE模式支持存储过程out出参
- 数据库安全
- 企业级特性
- 应用开发接口
- AI能力
- 中间件
- 负载管理
- 安装指南
- 升级指南
- 管理指南
- 高可用指南
- AI特性指南
- 安全指南
- 开发者指南
- 应用程序开发教程
- 开发规范
- 基于JDBC开发
- JDBC包、驱动类和环境类
- 开发流程
- 加载驱动
- 连接数据库
- 连接数据库(以SSL方式)
- 连接数据库(UDS方式)
- 执行SQL语句
- 处理结果集
- 关闭连接
- 日志管理
- 示例:常用操作
- 示例:重新执行应用SQL
- 示例:通过本地文件导入导出数据
- 示例:从MY向MogDB进行数据迁移
- 示例:逻辑复制代码示例
- 示例:不同场景下连接数据库参数配置
- 示例:jdbc主备集群负载均衡
- JDBC接口参考
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- JDBC常用参数参考
- JDBC发布记录
- 基于ODBC开发
- 基于libpq开发
- 基于Psycopg2开发
- 调试
- 存储过程
- 用户自定义函数
- PL/pgSQL-SQL过程语言
- 定时任务
- 自治事务
- 逻辑复制
- Extension
- MySQL兼容性说明
- Dolphin Extension
- Dolphin概述
- Dolphin安装
- Dolphin限制
- Dolphin语法介绍
- SQL参考
- 关键字
- 数据类型
- 函数和操作符
- 表达式
- DDL语法一览表
- DML语法一览表
- DCL语法一览表
- SQL语法
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- AST
- CHECKSUM TABLE
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE VIEW
- DESCRIBE TABLE
- DO
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP INDEX
- DROP TABLESPACE
- EXECUTE
- EXPLAIN
- FLUSH BINARY LOGS
- GRANT
- GRANT/REVOKE PROXY
- INSERT
- KILL
- LOAD DATA
- OPTIMIZE TABLE
- PREPARE
- RENAME TABLE
- RENAME USER
- REVOKE
- SELECT
- SELECT HINT
- SET CHARSET
- SET PASSWORD
- SHOW CHARACTER SET
- SHOW COLLATION
- SHOW COLUMNS
- SHOW CREATE DATABASE
- SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
- SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
- SHOW CREATE TABLE
- SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
- SHOW CREATE VIEW
- SHOW DATABASES
- SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
- SHOW GRANTS
- SHOW INDEX
- SHOW MASTER STATUS
- SHOW PLUGINS
- SHOW PRIVILEGES
- SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
- SHOW PROCESSLIST
- SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
- SHOW STATUS
- SHOW TABLES
- SHOW TABLE STATUS
- SHOW TRIGGERS
- SHOW VARIABLES
- SHOW WARNINGS/ERRORS
- UPDATE
- USE db_name
- 系统视图
- GUC参数说明
- 重设参数
- 存储过程
- 标识符说明
- SQL参考
- MySQL语法兼容性评估工具
- Dolphin Extension
- 物化视图
- 分区管理
- 应用程序开发教程
- 性能优化指南
- 参考指南
- 系统表及系统视图
- 系统表和系统视图概述
- 查看系统表
- 系统表
- GS_ASP
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_PRIVILEGES
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGE
- GS_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS
- GS_ENCRYPTED_PROC
- GS_GLOBAL_CHAIN
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_MASKING_POLICY
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_ACTIONS
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_MATVIEW
- GS_MATVIEW_DEPENDENCY
- GS_MODEL_WAREHOUSE
- GS_OPT_MODEL
- GS_PACKAGE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_INSTANCE_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_PLAN_ENCODING_TABLE
- GS_WLM_PLAN_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_QUERY_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_USER_RESOURCE_HISTORY
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_APP_WORKLOADGROUP_MAPPING
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_AUTH_HISTORY
- PG_AUTH_MEMBERS
- PG_AUTHID
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DB_ROLE_SETTING
- PG_DEFAULT_ACL
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EVENT_TRIGGER
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_EXTENSION_DATA_SOURCE
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_FOREIGN_TABLE
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PARTITION
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_PUBLICATION
- PG_PUBLICATION_REL
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_RLSPOLICY
- PG_SECLABEL
- PG_SET
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SHSECLABEL
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_SUBSCRIPTION_REL
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PG_USER_MAPPING
- PG_USER_STATUS
- PG_WORKLOAD_GROUP
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_NODE
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- 系统视图
- GET_GLOBAL_PREPARED_XACTS(废弃)
- GS_ASYNC_SUBMIT_SESSIONS_STATUS
- GS_AUDITING
- GS_AUDITING_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_PRIVILEGE
- GS_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_INFO
- GS_COMPRESSION
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_FILE_STAT
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_INSTANCE_TIME
- GS_LABELS
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MASKING
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_OS_RUN_INFO
- GS_REDO_STAT
- GS_SESSION_CPU_STATISTICS
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_STATISTICS
- GS_SESSION_STAT
- GS_SESSION_TIME
- GS_SHARED_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_STAT_SESSION_CU
- GS_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_WLM_CGROUP_INFO
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_PLAN_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_REBUILD_USER_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_SESSION_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_SESSION_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_USER_INFO
- IOS_STATUS
- MPP_TABLES
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_INVALID_BACKENDS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_GTT_ATTACHED_PIDS
- PG_GTT_RELSTATS
- PG_GTT_STATS
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_PUBLICATION_TABLES
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN_STATUS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SESSION_IOSTAT
- PG_SESSION_WLMSTAT
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY_NG
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATS
- PG_TABLES
- PG_TDE_INFO
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PG_WLM_STATISTICS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PLAN_TABLE
- PATCH_INFORMATION_TABLE
- 系统函数
- 逻辑操作符
- 比较操作符
- 字符处理函数和操作符
- 二进制字符串函数和操作符
- 位串函数和操作符
- 模式匹配操作符
- 数字操作函数和操作符
- 时间和日期处理函数和操作符
- 类型转换函数
- 几何函数和操作符
- 网络地址函数和操作符
- 文本检索函数和操作符
- JSON/JSONB函数和操作符
- HLL函数和操作符
- SEQUENCE函数
- 数组函数和操作符
- 范围函数和操作符
- 聚集函数
- 窗口函数(分析函数)
- 安全函数
- 账本数据库的函数
- 密态等值的函数
- 返回集合的函数
- 条件表达式函数
- 系统信息函数
- 系统管理函数
- 统计信息函数
- 触发器函数
- 事件触发器函数
- HashFunc函数
- 提示信息函数
- 全局临时表函数
- 故障注入系统函数
- AI特性函数
- 动态数据脱敏函数
- 其他系统函数
- 内部函数
- Global SysCache特性函数
- 数据损坏检测修复函数
- XML类型函数
- 废弃函数
- 支持的数据类型
- SQL语法
- ABORT
- ALTER AGGREGATE
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATA SOURCE
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER EVENT
- ALTER EVENT TRIGGER
- ALTER EXTENSION
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- ALTER FOREIGN TABLE
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER LARGE OBJECT
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER OPERATOR
- ALTER PACKAGE
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER PUBLICATION
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER RESOURCE POOL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER RULE
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER SYSTEM SET
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLE SUBPARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER USER MAPPING
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- BEGIN
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- CONNECT BY
- COPY
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE CAST
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATA SOURCE
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE EVENT
- CREATE EVENT TRIGGER
- CREATE EXTENSION
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- CREATE FOREIGN TABLE
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE OPERATOR
- CREATE PACKAGE
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE PUBLICATION
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE RESOURCE POOL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE RULE
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SUBSCRIPTION
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE SUBPARTITION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE USER MAPPING
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DELIMITER
- DO
- DROP AGGREGATE
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CAST
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATA SOURCE
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP EVENT
- DROP EVENT TRIGGER
- DROP EXTENSION
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- DROP FOREIGN TABLE
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP OPERATOR
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PACKAGE
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP PUBLICATION
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP RESOURCE POOL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP RULE
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SUBSCRIPTION
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP USER MAPPING
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- EXECUTE
- EXECUTE DIRECT
- EXPLAIN
- EXPLAIN PLAN
- FETCH
- GRANT
- INSERT
- LOCK
- MERGE INTO
- MOVE
- PREDICT BY
- PREPARE
- PREPARE TRANSACTION
- PURGE
- REASSIGN OWNED
- REFRESH INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REINDEX
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- RESET
- REVOKE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK PREPARED
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SELECT INTO
- SET
- SET CONSTRAINTS
- SET ROLE
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW
- SHOW EVENTS
- SHRINK
- SHUTDOWN
- SNAPSHOT
- START TRANSACTION
- TIMECAPSULE TABLE
- TRUNCATE
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- VALUES
- SQL参考
- GUC参数说明
- Schema
- Information Schema
- DBE_PERF
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
- Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
- Session/Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- SESSION_CPU_RUNTIME
- SESSION_MEMORY_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_IOSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
- Query
- STATEMENT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT
- STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COUNT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_RESPONSETIME_PERCENTILE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- STATEMENT_WLMSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- Cache/IO
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STAT_DB_CU
- GLOBAL_STAT_SESSION_CU
- Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
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列存表管理
什么是列存储
行存储是指将表按行存储到硬盘分区上,列存储是指将表按列存储到硬盘分区上。默认情况下,创建的表为行存储。行存储和列存储的差异请参见图1。
图 1 行存储和列存储的差异
上图中,左上为行存表,右上为行存表在硬盘上的存储方式。左下为列存表,右下为列存表在硬盘上的存储方式。从上图可以很清楚地看到,行式存储下一张表的数据都是放在一起的,但列式存储下都被分开保存了。
行存表和列存表的优缺点及适用场景
行、列存储有如下优缺点:
存储模型 | 优点 | 缺点 |
---|---|---|
行存 | 数据被保存在一起。INSERT/UPDATE容易。 | 选择(Selection)时即使只涉及某几列,所有数据也都会被读取。 |
列存 | 查询时只有涉及到的列会被读取。投影(Projection)很高效。任何列都能作为索引。 | 选择完成时,被选择的列要重新组装。INSERT/UPDATE比较麻烦。 |
一般情况下,如果表的字段比较多(大宽表),查询中涉及到的列不多的情况下,适合列存储。如果表的字段个数比较少,查询大部分字段,那么选择行存储比较好。
存储类型 | 适用场景 |
---|---|
行存 | 点查询(返回记录少,基于索引的简单查询)。增、删、改操作较多的场景。 |
列存 | 统计分析类查询 (关联、分组操作较多的场景)。即席查询(查询条件不确定,行存表扫描难以使用索引)。 |
MogDB支持行列混合存储。行、列存储模型各有优劣,建议根据实际情况选择。通常MogDB用于TP场景的数据库,默认使用行存储,仅对执行复杂查询且数据量大的AP场景时,才使用列存储。
行存表和列存表的选择
-
更新频繁程度
数据如果频繁更新,选择行存表。
-
插入频繁程度
频繁的少量插入,选择行存表。
-
表的列数
表的列数很多,选择列存表。
-
查询的列数
如果每次查询时,只涉及了表的少数(<50%总列数)几个列,选择列存表。
-
压缩率
列存表比行存表压缩率高。但高压缩率会消耗更多的CPU资源。
列存表的限制
- 列存表不支持数组。
- 列存表的数量建议不超过1000个。
- 列存表的表级约束只支持PARTIAL CLUSTER KEY,不支持主外键等表级约束。
- 列存表的字段约束只支持NULL、NOT NULL和DEFAULT常量值。
- 列存表不支持alter命令修改字段约束。
- 列存表支持delta表,受参数enable_delta_store 控制是否开启,受参数deltarow_threshold控制进入delta表的阀值。
列存相关参数
-
cstore_buffers
列存所使用的共享缓冲区的大小,默认值: 32768KB。
-
partition_mem_batch
指定缓存个数,为了优化对列存分区表的批量插入,在批量插入过程中会对数据进行缓存后再批量写盘。默认值: 256 。
-
partition_max_cache_size
指定数据缓存区大小,为了优化对列存分区表的批量插入,在批量插入过程中会对数据进行缓存后再批量写盘。默认值: 2GB。
-
enable_delta_store
为了增强列存单条数据导入的性能和解决磁盘冗余问题,是否需要开启列存delta表功能,与参数DELTAROW_THRESHOLD 配合使用。默认值: off。
建表语法
MogDB创建普通表默认是未压缩的行存表。
MogDB=# \dt
No relations found.
MogDB=# create table test_t(id serial primary key ,col1 varchar(8),col2 decimal(6,2),create_time timestamptz not null default now());
NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "test_t_id_seq" for serial column "test_t.id"
NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "test_t_pkey" for table "test_t"
CREATE TABLE
MogDB=# \dt+
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Storage | Description
--------+--------+-------+-------+---------+----------------------------------+-------------
public | test_t | table | omm | 0 bytes | {orientation=row,compression=no} |
(1 row)
MogDB=#
创建列存表,需要指定orientation=column,默认压缩级别是low。
MogDB=# create table column_t(id serial,col1 varchar(8),col2 decimal(6,2),create_time timestamptz not null default now()) with (orientation=column );
NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "column_t_id_seq" for serial column "column_t.id"
CREATE TABLE
MogDB=# \dt+
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Storage | Description
--------+----------+-------+-------+---------+--------------------------------------+-------------
public | column_t | table | omm | 16 kB | {orientation=column,compression=low} |
public | test_t | table | omm | 0 bytes | {orientation=row,compression=no} |
(2 rows)
MogDB=#
MogDB=# \d+ column_t
Table "public.column_t"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Stats target | Description
-------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
id | integer | not null default nextval('column_t_id_seq'::regclass) | plain | |
col1 | character varying(8) | | extended | |
col2 | numeric(6,2) | | main | |
create_time | timestamp with time zone | not null default now() | plain | |
Has OIDs: no
Options: orientation=column, compression=low
列存表添加局部聚簇存储列。
MogDB=# \d+ column_t
Table "public.column_t"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Stats target | Description
-------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
id | integer | not null default nextval('column_t_id_seq'::regclass) | plain | |
col1 | character varying(8) | | extended | |
col2 | numeric(6,2) | | main | |
create_time | timestamp with time zone | not null default now() | plain | |
Has OIDs: no
Options: orientation=column, compression=low
MogDB=# alter table column_t add PARTIAL CLUSTER KEY(id);
ALTER TABLE
MogDB=# \d+ column_t
Table "public.column_t"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Stats target | Description
-------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
id | integer | not null default nextval('column_t_id_seq'::regclass) | plain | |
col1 | character varying(8) | | extended | |
col2 | numeric(6,2) | | main | |
create_time | timestamp with time zone | not null default now() | plain | |
Partial Cluster :
"column_t_cluster" PARTIAL CLUSTER KEY (id)
Has OIDs: no
Options: orientation=column, compression=low
MogDB=#
直接创建带局部聚簇存储的列存表。
MogDB=# create table column_c(id serial,col1 varchar(8),col2 decimal(6,2),create_time timestamptz not null default now(),PARTIAL CLUSTER KEY(id)) with (orientation=column );
NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "column_c_id_seq" for serial column "column_c.id"
CREATE TABLE
MogDB=# \d+ column_c
Table "public.column_c"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Stats target | Description
-------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
id | integer | not null default nextval('column_c_id_seq'::regclass) | plain | |
col1 | character varying(8) | | extended | |
col2 | numeric(6,2) | | main | |
create_time | timestamp with time zone | not null default now() | plain | |
Partial Cluster :
"column_c_cluster" PARTIAL CLUSTER KEY (id)
Has OIDs: no
Options: orientation=column, compression=low
MogDB=#
有关列存表支持的数据类型,请参见参考指南>支持的数据类型下的列存表支持的数据类型.
列存与行存对比
磁盘使用空间
-
列存表默认大小16K,low压缩级别。
-
行存表默认大小0bytes,非压缩级别。
-
分别向两个表中插入100万条数据,占用磁盘大小对比。
MogDB=# \dt+ List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Storage | Description --------+-----------+-------+-------+---------+-----------------------------------------+------------- public | column_t | table | omm | 16 kB | {orientation=column,compression=low} | public | column_th | table | omm | 16 kB | {orientation=column,compression=high} | public | column_tm | table | omm | 16 kB | {orientation=column,compression=middle} | public | row_tc | table | omm | 0 bytes | {orientation=row,compression=yes} | public | test_t | table | omm | 0 bytes | {orientation=row,compression=no} | (5 rows) MogDB=# insert into column_t select generate_series(1,1000000),left(md5(random()::text),8),random()::numeric(6,2); INSERT 0 1000000 Time: 11328.880 ms MogDB=# insert into column_th select generate_series(1,1000000),left(md5(random()::text),8),random()::numeric(6,2); INSERT 0 1000000 Time: 10188.634 ms MogDB=# insert into column_tm select generate_series(1,1000000),left(md5(random()::text),8),random()::numeric(6,2); INSERT 0 1000000 Time: 9802.739 ms MogDB=# insert into test_t select generate_series(1,1000000),left(md5(random()::text),8),random()::numeric(6,2); INSERT 0 1000000 Time: 17404.945 ms MogDB=# insert into row_tc select generate_series(1,1000000),left(md5(random()::text),8),random()::numeric(6,2); INSERT 0 1000000 Time: 12394.866 ms MogDB=# \dt+ List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner | Size | Storage | Description --------+-----------+-------+-------+----------+-----------------------------------------+------------- public | column_t | table | omm | 12 MB | {orientation=column,compression=low} | public | column_th | table | omm | 8304 kB | {orientation=column,compression=high} | public | column_tm | table | omm | 10168 kB | {orientation=column,compression=middle} | public | row_tc | table | omm | 58 MB | {orientation=row,compression=yes} | public | test_t | table | omm | 58 MB | {orientation=row,compression=no} | (5 rows) MogDB=#
-
列存表开启的压缩级别越高,占用磁盘空间越少。
-
行存表开启压缩后,磁盘空间大小占比减少不明显。
-
列存表占用磁盘空间比行存表占用磁盘空间少近6倍。
DML对比
查找单列:
---
---按范围查找,列存比行存快近20倍
---
MogDB=# select col1 from test_t where id>=100010 and id<100020;
col1
----------
4257a3f3
3d397284
64343438
6eb7bdb7
d1c9073d
6aeb037c
1d424974
223235ab
329de235
2f02adc1
(10 rows)
Time: 77.341 ms
MogDB=# select col1 from column_t where id>=100010 and id<100020;
col1
----------
d4837c30
87a46f7a
2f42a9c9
4481c793
68800204
613b9205
9d8f4a0a
5cc4ff9e
f948cd10
f2775cee
(10 rows)
Time: 3.884 ms
---
---随机查找,列存比行存快近35倍
---
MogDB=# select col1 from test_t limit 10;
col1
----------
c2780d93
294be14d
4e53b761
2c10f8a2
ae776743
7d683c66
b3b40054
7e56edf9
a7b7336e
ea3d47d9
(10 rows)
Time: 249.887 ms
MogDB=# select col1 from column_t limit 10;
col1
----------
a745d77b
4b6df494
76fed9c1
70c9664d
3384de8a
4158f3bf
5d1c3b9f
341876bb
f396f4ed
abfd78bb
(10 rows)
Time: 7.738 ms
查找全部数据:
---
---行存比列存查询快30%
---
MogDB=# select * from test_t limit 10;
id | col1 | col2 | create_time
----+----------+------+-------------------------------
1 | c2780d93 | .37 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
2 | 294be14d | .57 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
3 | 4e53b761 | .98 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
4 | 2c10f8a2 | .27 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
5 | ae776743 | .97 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
6 | 7d683c66 | .58 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
7 | b3b40054 | .44 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
8 | 7e56edf9 | .43 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
9 | a7b7336e | .31 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
10 | ea3d47d9 | .42 | 2020-10-26 14:27:33.304108+08
(10 rows)
Time: 6.822 ms
MogDB=# select * from column_t limit 10;
id | col1 | col2 | create_time
----+----------+------+-------------------------------
1 | a745d77b | .33 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
2 | 4b6df494 | .42 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
3 | 76fed9c1 | .73 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
4 | 70c9664d | .74 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
5 | 3384de8a | .48 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
6 | 4158f3bf | .59 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
7 | 5d1c3b9f | .63 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
8 | 341876bb | .97 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
9 | f396f4ed | .73 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
10 | abfd78bb | .30 | 2020-10-26 14:28:20.633253+08
(10 rows)
Time: 9.982 ms
更新数据:
---
---直接更新一个字段,列存比行存快近7倍
---
MogDB=# update test_t set col1=col1;
UPDATE 1000000
Time: 19779.978 ms
MogDB=# update column_t set col1=col1;
UPDATE 1000000
Time: 2702.339 ms
总结
- 列存表比行存表在磁盘空间占用上节省近6倍。
- 查询指定字段,列存表比行存表快约20-35倍。
- select * 的方式,列存表比行存表慢30%。
- 默认压缩方式批量导入数据,列存表比行存表快40%。