快速上手

本文介绍了如何创建一个简单的 Kubernetes 集群，部署 MogDB Operator，并使用 Mogdb Operator 部署 MogDB 集群。

本文中的部署说明仅用于测试目的，不要直接用于生产环境。如果要在生产环境部署，请参阅部署 > 部署 MogDB 集群章节。

基本步骤如下：

1. 创建Kubernetes测试集群

创建Kubernetes测试集群

本节介绍如何使用 minikube 部署 Kubernetes 集群。

minikube 可以在虚拟机中创建一个 Kubernetes 集群，可在 macOS, Linux 和 Windows 上运行。

部署前，请确保满足以下要求：

minikube：版本 1.18.1+
minikube 需要安装一个兼容的 hypervisor，详情见官方安装教程。
kubectl: 版本 >= 1.18.1

安装完 minikube 后，可以执行下面命令启动一个 Kubernetes 集群：

minikube start

如果一切运行正常，会看到类似下面的输出，根据操作系统和使用的 hypervisor 会有些许差异。

😄  minikube v1.10.1 on Darwin 10.15.4
✨  Automatically selected the hyperkit driver. Other choices: docker, vmwarefusion
💾  Downloading driver docker-machine-driver-hyperkit:
    > docker-machine-driver-hyperkit.sha256: 65 B / 65 B [---] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > docker-machine-driver-hyperkit: 10.90 MiB / 10.90 MiB  100.00% 1.76 MiB p
🔑  The 'hyperkit' driver requires elevated permissions. The following commands will be executed:

    $ sudo chown root:wheel /Users/user/.minikube/bin/docker-machine-driver-hyperkit
    $ sudo chmod u+s /Users/user/.minikube/bin/docker-machine-driver-hyperkit


💿  Downloading VM boot image ...
    > minikube-v1.10.0.iso.sha256: 65 B / 65 B [-------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > minikube-v1.10.0.iso: 174.99 MiB / 174.99 MiB [] 100.00% 6.63 MiB p/s 27s
👍  Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
💾  Downloading Kubernetes v1.18.2 preload ...
    > preloaded-images-k8s-v3-v1.18.2-docker-overlay2-amd64.tar.lz4: 525.43 MiB
🔥  Creating hyperkit VM (CPUs=2, Memory=4000MB, Disk=20000MB) ...
🐳  Preparing Kubernetes v1.18.2 on Docker 19.03.8 ...
🔎  Verifying Kubernetes components...
🌟  Enabled addons: default-storageclass, storage-provisioner
🏄  Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube"

对于中国大陆用户，可以使用国内 gcr.io mirror 仓库，例如 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers。

minikube start --image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

或者给 Docker 配置 HTTP/HTTPS 代理。

将下面命令中的 127.0.0.1:1086 替换为您自己的 HTTP/HTTPS 代理地址：

minikube start --docker-env https_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:1086 \
      --docker-env http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:1086

注意:
由于 minikube（默认）通过虚拟机运行，127.0.0.1 指向虚拟机本身，所以在有些情况下可能需要将代理修改为您的主机的实际 IP。

参考 minikube setup 查看配置虚拟机和 Kubernetes 集群的更多选项。

你可以使用 minikube 的子命令 kubectl 来进行集群操作。要使 kubectl 命令生效，你需要在 shell 配置文件中添加以下别名设置命令，或者在打开一个新的 shell 后执行以下别名设置命令。

alias kubectl='minikube kubectl --'

执行以下命令检查集群状态，并确保可以通过 kubectl 访问集群:

kubectl cluster-info

期望输出：

Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.64.2:8443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.64.2:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

现在就可以开始部署 MogDB Operator 了！

测试完成后，执行下面命令来销毁集群：

minikube delete

部署MogDB Operator

开始之前，确保以下要求已满足：

可以使用 kubectl 访问的 Kubernetes 集群
已安装 Kustomize v3+

步骤1: 下载样例

在GitHub上fork MogDB Stack examples仓库:

https://github.com/enmotech/mogdb-stack-examples/fork

fork仓库之后，您可以通过类似如下的命令下载至本地:

YOUR_GITHUB_UN="<your GitHub username>"
git clone --depth 1 "git@github.com:${YOUR_GITHUB_UN}/mogdb-stack-examples.git"
cd mogdb-stack-examples

步骤2: 安装MogDB Operator

kustomize build kustomize/mogdb-operator/default | kubectl apply -f -

期望输出:

namespace/mogdb-operator-system created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/mogdbbackups.mogdb.enmotech.io configured
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/mogdbclusters.mogdb.enmotech.io configured
serviceaccount/mogdb-apiserver created
serviceaccount/mogdb-operator-controller-manager created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mogdb-operator-leader-election-role created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mgo-cluster-role created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mogdb-operator-manager-role created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mogdb-operator-leader-election-rolebinding created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mgo-cluster-role created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/mogdb-operator-manager-rolebinding created
configmap/mogdb-operator-manager-config created
configmap/mogdb-operator-mgo-config created
secret/mgorole-admin created
secret/mgouser-admin created
secret/mogdb-operator-huawei-registry created
service/mogdb-apiserver created
deployment.apps/mogdb-apiserver created
deployment.apps/mogdb-operator-controller-manager created

部署MogDB集群

kubectl apply -k kustomize/mogdb-cluster/

期望输出:

mogdbcluster.mogdb.enmotech.io/cluster1 created

查看pod状态

kubectl get pods -n mogdb-operator-system

期望输出:

NAME                          READY   STATUS            RESTARTS   AGE
cluster1-jl2kn                3/3     Running           0          4m18s
cluster1-zuveg                0/3     PodInitializing   0          108s

等待所有pod都处于running状态，然后进行下一步，连接到MogDB集群。

连接MogDB集群

安装gsql命令行工具

要连接到MogDB集群，您需要在使用kubectl的主机上安装MogDB客户端工具gsql安装与物理机匹配的命令行工具。

查看MogDB服务端口

首先，将端口从本地主机转发到 Kubernetes 中的 MogDB Service。我们先获取 mogdb-operator-system 命名空间中的服务列表：

kubectl get svc -n mogdb-operator-system

期望输出：

NAME                       TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP        PORT(S)          AGE
cluster1-svc-master        NodePort   10.1.115.245   <none>       5432:30013/TCP   38m
cluster1-svc-replicas      NodePort   10.1.41.187    <none>       5432:30012/TCP   38m

输出结果显示了，k8s集群内部通过5432端口，集群外部通过30013端口访问实际的MogDB集群。

连接集群

在连接之前，需要修改默认用户的密码。可以通过kubectl命令连接到容器，修改密码。

kubectl exec -it cluster1-xxxxx -c mogdb -n mogdb-operator-system -- /bin/bash
gsql -dpostgres

ALTER USER mogdb WITH PASSWORD 'new_password';

gsql -h 10.1.115.245 -p 5432 -U mogdb -W

期望输出：

gsql ((MogDB 3.1.0 build aef997f9) compiled at 2022-11-24 00:09:16 commit 0 last mr  )
Non-SSL connection (SSL connection is recommended when requiring high-security)
Type "help" for help.

MogDB=#

以下是一些可以用来验证集群功能的命令。

查看MogDB版本

MogDB=#select version();
                                                           version
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(MogDB 3.1.0 build aef997f9) compiled at 2022-11-24 00:09:16 commit 0 last mr   on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by g++ (GCC) 7.3.0, 64-bit
(1 row)

创建t1表

MogDB=#create table t1(id int);
CREATE TABLE

插入数据

MogDB=#insert into t1(id) values(1),(2),(3);
INSERT 0 3

查看数据

MogDB=#select * from t1;
 id
----
  1
  2
  3
(3 rows)

销毁MogDB集群

完成测试后，您可能希望销毁MogDB集群。

删除MogDB集群

kubectl delete mogdbcluster cluster1

期望输出:

mogdbcluster.mogdb.enmotech.io "cluster1" deleted

卸载MogDB Operator

kustomize build ./kustomize/install/default | kubectl delete -f -

期望输出:

namespace "mogdb-operator-system" deleted
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io "mogdbbackups.mogdb.enmotech.io" deleted
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io "mogdbclusters.mogdb.enmotech.io" deleted
serviceaccount "mogdb-apiserver" deleted
serviceaccount "mogdb-operator-controller-manager" deleted
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mogdb-operator-leader-election-role" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mgo-cluster-role" deleted
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mogdb-operator-manager-role" deleted
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mogdb-operator-leader-election-rolebinding" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mgo-cluster-role" deleted
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io "mogdb-operator-manager-rolebinding" deleted
configmap "mogdb-operator-manager-config" deleted
configmap "mogdb-operator-mgo-config" deleted
secret "mgorole-admin" deleted
secret "mgouser-admin" deleted
secret "mogdb-operator-huawei-registry" deleted
service "mogdb-apiserver" deleted
deployment.apps "mogdb-apiserver" deleted
deployment.apps "mogdb-operator-controller-manager" deleted